超疏水表面减阻特性的研究进展

Research Progress in Drag Reduction of Superhydrophobic Surfaces

超疏水表面具有减阻效果,在提高管道传输效率、降低水下航行体和微流体器件中流动阻力等方面有着广阔的应用前景。介绍超疏水表面的制备、滑移理论以及减阻特性的研究,讨论微尺度下表面润湿性、表面微结构和流场流动状态对壁面减阻的影响,对超疏水壁面减阻的物理机制进行总结,并指出气体层不连续模型和气穴模型是分别适用于光滑疏水表面和带微结构超疏水表面的减阻模型。介绍超疏水表面减阻特性的一些应用,提出将超疏水表面应用到微流体系统中面临的问题,如微通道壁面疏水性的制备及其减阻效果的耐久性。

Drag reduction can be easily obtained by the hydrophobic surface, this function can be used in many practical applications,such as improving efficiency in pipeline transmission and reducing flow resistance in microfluidic devices. Three research aspects about the preparation of superhydrophobic surface, slip theory and the drag reduction of superhydrophobic surface, and the main influence factors of drag reduction, including wettability, micro structure and flow field were introduced.The physical mechanism of drag reduction on superhydrophobie surfaces was summarized.h was pointed out that the discontinuous gas layer model and the air cavity model are the drag reduction model for the smooth hydrophobic surface and the superhydrophobic surface with micro structures, respectively.Some practical applications of superhydrophobic surfaces＇ drag reduction were presented, and some potential problems which would be faced in the process of applying superhyphobic surfaces into the field of micro system, such as the preparation of wall＇ s hydrophobicity and its durability for drag reduction, were proposed.