技术格局与“大分流”

Technology Pattern and Great Divergence

结合文献记载、考古资料及相关的技术分析,发现明清时期,冶铁重心已经转移到了南方。明清时期,南方仍然使用竖炉木炭炼铁,北方大部地方由于坩埚炼铁技术和产品的传播,形成了以煤为燃料,以坩埚炼铁为主的生产格局。由于鼓风技术的落后,焦炭炼铁技术未能普及,因而构成了煤铁及相关技术的(中国)南北分流和(世界)东西分流。

During Ming and Qing Dynasty, the iron industry center in south of China. From the existing literature shows that charcoal blast furnace was still used in the south. Crucible smelting were spread from Shanxi to Shandong, Northeast and other places during Qing Dynasty. In addition to the spread of technology, the relevant products in the Ming and Qing Dynasties massive importation of the northern most regions, resulting in most of the region in northern China as the center of Shanxi. As backward of the postitive blower, coke iron - making failed to spread, and thus constitutes a coal, iron and re- lated technology shunt from （China） North - South and （World） East - West.