网络信息内容分级机制研究

On the Rating Mechanism of Internet Information Content

网络信息內容分级能在维护未成年人网络合法权益的同时,最大限度减少对公众表达自由等基本权益之侵犯,在我国推行该机制具备正当性。在美、英、德及我国台湾等地,网络信息內容分级业已广泛采用,并发展出系列成熟分级方法与实体制度。比较借鉴相关经验并结合我国实际,可从多维角度对我国网络信息内容分级机制予以建构:分级应遵循法益均衡,政府监督、行业自律和公众参与相结合及正当法律程序原则;分级信息范围应集中于暴力、淫秽(性)、粗俗语言、歧视等四方面;年龄分级可区分为所有人群、6周岁以上、10周岁以上、14周岁以上、18周岁以上五个级别;分级主体宜定位于行业组织下设的委员会;应从定级、过滤认证和定级异议三方面完善相应程序设计。

It＇s necessary and feasible to practice the rating mechanism of Internet information content in China, which could protect legitimate rights about special group of minors, and minimize the violation to public fundamental interests such as the freedom of expression at the same time. In the United States, U. K. , Germany, Taiwan and other countries and regions, the rating system of Internet information content is widely implemented. More- over, series of scientific and mature rating methods and substantive systems are developed in these areas. By comparing with relevant experiences and based on our own practical situations, the rating system of Internet in- formation content in China should be constructed from muhidimensional perspectives as follows： the rating sys- tem of Internet information content should abide by such principles as legal interests balance, combining regula- tion of government oversight, industry self- regulation and public participation, and due procedure; the scope of rating information should focus on four fields of violence, obscenity （ sex）, vulgar language, discrimination; the age stages should be divided into five levels of all people and older than 6 years, 10 years, 14 years, 18 years; the rating decision should be made by commission under the industry organization; the procedure design should be improved from three aspects of rating determining, certification and filtering, objection and right relief.