羧甲基化黄芪多糖的制备及其保润性能

Preparation of Carboxymethyl Astragalus Polysaccharide and its Moisture Retentivity

采用浸提法,从膜荚黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus)中提取、纯化得到一种黄芪多糖(Astragalus Polysaccharide,简称APS),并制备其羧甲基化产物(carboxymethylated product,APS-C);以羧甲基化取代度(Degree of Substitution,DS)为指标,采用正交试验优化了黄芪多糖的羧甲基化工艺条件;以烟丝干基含水率为指标,对APS、APS-C、丙二醇和甘油的物理保润性能进行了测试,并考察了其对卷烟感官舒适度的影响。结果表明:1)羧甲基化的最佳工艺条件:反应温度60℃,反应时间4 h,20%Na OH溶液用量350 m L,氯乙酸用量65 g,在此条件下取代度大于1.5;2)APS-C的保湿性能明显优于丙二醇和甘油,APS的保湿性能不如APS-C,但优于丙二醇和甘油;3)APS-C可使卷烟烟气圆润、柔和,减少刺激性和杂气,具有提升口感舒适性的作用。

Using water extraction method,an Astragalus polysaccharide（ abbreviated APS） was extracted and purified from Astragalus membranaceus,and its carboxymethylated product was prepared. Using the carboxymethylated degree of substitution（ DS） as an indicator,the carboxymethyl conditions of APS were optimized by orthogonal experiment. Using the moisture content（ d. b.） of tobacco shred as an indicator,the physical moisture retention properties of APS,APS-C,propylene glycol（ PG） and glycerol were measured. The effect of these compounds on sensory comfort of cigarette was investigated. The results showed that： 1） the optimal carboxymethylation condition was 60 ℃ of reaction temperature,4 h of reaction time,350 m L dosage of 20% Na OH solution and 65 g of chloroacetic acid,and the DS under these conditions was higher than 1. 5; 2） the physical moisture retention property of APS-C and APS was significantly superior to PG and glycerol,but the physical moisture retention property of APS was inferior to APS-C,but superior to PG and glycerol; 3）APS-C can make mainstream cigarette smoke mellow and full,reduce irritation and miscellaneous odor,and have a role to enhance on cigarette sensory comfort.