所得税优惠与政府背景对民营企业技术创新投入的影响

Impacts of Income Tax Reduction and Government Background on Technology Innovation Expenditures of Private Firms

税收优惠政策的税制设计与贯彻执行环节均对企业有效税率和技术创新投入发挥重要影响作用。以我国2004~2013年A股主板民营上市公司为例,采用双维度聚类回归方法,从有效税率和企业所得税法视角实证检验企业所得税优惠对民营企业技术创新投入的影响作用,并进一步分析政府背景对企业所得税法激励效果的调节作用。结果表明,有效税率与民营上市公司技术创新投入在1%的水平上显著负相关,而企业所得税法与其在1%的水平上显著正相关;进一步,研究发现,政府背景能够强化企业所得税法对民营上市公司技术创新投入的激励效果。稳健性检验与上述结论一致。研究结果为我国税收优惠政策的有效性提供了经验证据;同时,研究还表明,在政策贯彻执行环节,应消除企业政府背景的干扰。

Both tax incentive policies and their enforcement directly influence the effective tax rate and technology innovation expenditures of companies.Impact of income tax reduction on technology innovation expenditures of private firms are empirically studied from the perspective of effective tax rate and CIT law by using two-dimension clustering method.Moderating effects of government background are further analyzed.The sample is A-share listed companies controlled by families on Mainboard from the period of2004 to 2013.The findings include：（1）the effective tax rate is negatively correlated to the technology innovation expenditures at significance level 1%,while CIT law is positively correlated to the expenditures at significance level 1%;（2）the manager＇s government background strengthens the positive relationship between CIT law and the expenditures.Robustness tests support the results.The study contributes to the tax incentive research in China,and highlights the importance of suppressing ＂rent seeking＂in the enforcement process of policies.