无线传感器网络中一种基于跳数梯度场的路由协议

A Routing Protocol Based on Hop-count Gradient Field in Wireless Sensor Network

为提高网络的可靠性与能量有效性,提出一种基于跳数梯度场的能量均衡的健壮的路由协议。该协议通过设置节点维护邻节点剩余能量表,记录剩余能量最多的N个邻节点。某一梯度源节点产生的消息携带源节点的梯度值及其邻节点剩余能量表中的最小值,邻节点可根据梯度值及最小值判断是否转发该消息,从而控制转发节点的数量,在保证网络可靠性的同时避免过多的能耗和消息的洪泛。理论分析和模拟实验结果表明,该协议在传输可靠性和网络延迟方面均优于GRAB和SPBT协议,当邻节点剩余能量表最大记录数为3时,协议性能最佳。

In order to improve the reliability and energy efficiency of the networks, a Hop-count Gradient field based Energy-balanced Routing protocol（HGEBR） is proposed. In the protocol, each sensor node has a Neighbor Node Residual Energy Table（NNRET） which records the residual energy of the N nodes with the most residual energy in the neighbor nodes. The messages generated by the source node in a gradient carry the gradient value and the minimum value in the NNRET of the source node. According to the information carried by the message, the neighbor nodes decide whether to forward this message, thereby controlling the number of forwarding nodes, thus ensuring the reliability of the network and avoiding message flooding and too much energy consumption. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the protocol has better performance in the transmission reliability and network delay than GRAB and SPBT protocol. When the NNRET is 3 ,the performance of the proposed protocol is the best.