绿色全要素生产率省际空间学习效应实证

Empirical study on green TFP provincial spatial learning effect

当前中国资源环境约束日益凸显,依靠全要素生产率成为解决这些问题的共识。然而仅仅依靠全要素生产率不能转变生产方式,关键在于区分绿色与非绿色偏向。研究使用中国省际面板数据,运用面板与动态空间面板模型方法,对比分析绿色全要素生产率、绿色"软技术"、绿色"硬技术"的影响机制。研究发现:1依靠全要素生产率驱动发展需要区别绿色与非绿色偏向;2必须注重绿色全要素生产率对绿色发展的作用及其运行机制;3不同偏向的绿色全要素生产率的省际空间学习效应不同;4绿色"软技术"对绿色发展贡献不充分。这就意味着,在当前中国资源环境约束日趋收紧的背景下,要区别绿色与非绿色全要素生产率的不同作用,否则将不能促进生产方式转变,实现绿色可持续发展。推动绿色可持续发展,一方面需要重视提升绿色全要素生产率的作用,另一方面需要重视绿色管理技术等绿色"软技术"对绿色发展的贡献。提升绿色全要素生产率,既要重视研发投入、人力资本投入,又要考虑技术市场、劳动智力结构、劳动者年龄结构的影响。提升绿色"软技术"的贡献率,改善绿色技术效率变动的吸纳能力。通过绿色全要素生产率的省际空间学习效应,实现中国省际区域间绿色可持续协同发展。此外,在引进吸收国外先进绿色技术时,既要重视对绿色"硬技术"的吸收,又要重视对绿色"软技术"的再学习。总之,"打铁还需自身硬",中国要继续鼓励支持绿色"硬技术"自主研发,巩固提升绿色"硬技术"对绿色发展的贡献。

China＇ s current resource and environmental constraints become increasingly prominent, relying on total factor productivity is considered to be a consensus to solve these problems. However, relying solely on Total Factor Productivity（TFP） can not change the mode of production, the key is to distinguish between green and non-green bias. Studies uses Chinese provincial panel data and panels and dynamic spatial panel model to comparatively analyzes mechanisms of green TFP, green ＇ soft technology＇ , and green ＇ hard technology＇ The study shows that：（1）Relying on TFP-driven development needs to distinguish between green and non-green bias. （2） Studies must focus on the role of green TFP on green development, and its operation mechanism. （3）Provincial spatial learning effects of different green TFP bias are different. （4）The contribation of green ＇ soft technology＇ to the green development is not sufficient. This means that, in the context of China＇ s current resource and environmental constraints, it is necessary to distinguish between the different roles of the green and non-green TFP; otherwise it will not promote the transformation of the mode of production. To achieve green and sustainable development, on the one hand we need to enhance the role of green TFP. On the other hand we need to focus on the contribution of the green ＇ soft technology＇. In order to improve green TFP, it is necessary to invest in research and development, and human capital, and also to consider the impact of technology markets, labor and intelligence structure, and age structure of workers. We should improve contribution rate of the green ＇ soft technology＇ , and improve the absorptive capacity of green technology efficiency changes Through Provincial spatial learning effect of green TFP, we can achieve Chinese provincial regional sustainable cooperative development. When introducing foreign advanced green technology, it is necessary to pay attention to the absorption of green ＇ hard technology＇ , and the relearning of the green ＇ soft technology＇. In short, China will continue to encourage and support independent research and development of green ＇ hard technologies＇ , and consolidate and promote the contribution of green ＇ hard technology＇ to green development.