基于Shapley值法的水资源跨区转移利益分配方法研究

Study on the profit distribution of inter-regional water transfer based on Shapley value method

水资源跨区转移是优化水资源利用的有效方式。水资源跨区转移带来利用收益如何在不同区域各个参与主体之间进行分配,关系到水资源转移利益的公平共享和水资源的可持续利用。在水资源跨区转移利用中,科学合理地对水资源转移带来的利益进行分配,解决区域间各参与主体之间的利益矛盾,具有重要的现实意义和理论意义。本文采用合作博弈的分析思路,基于Shapley值法构建了一个在各参与方在合作情形下的水资源跨区转移利用利益分配方法,来研究各个利益主体之间应当如何合作对水资源转移利用利益进行分配,并量化各个利益主体参与水资源转移合作应当得到的利益分配及相应的利益补偿。然后,本文利用基于Shapley值法的水资源跨区转移利益分配方法,通过对浙江省诸暨市水资源跨区转移利益分配的实例应用,实证量化了水资源转移中各方在合作博弈下的利益分配和利益补偿结果,验证了该分配方法的可行性和有效性。同时,实例分析表明当前的水资源转移用水利益补偿额度不足,忽视了水资源输出地区的利益。而基于Shapley值法的水资源跨区转移利益分配方法充分考虑了各个参与主体的贡献度,能够使得各方更为科学公平地分享水资源跨区转移所带来的合作收益,并进行合理有针对性的利益补偿。这表明,当前跨区水资源转移利益分配与补偿不仅要考虑协调好区域之间利益关系,还要协调处理好各区域用水主体之间用水利益关系。同时,要尽快建立并完善科学合理的区域间用水利益分享机制,保证各方公平合理地分享水资源转移带来的利益,提高各方参与的积极性,保障水资源转移协调利用的有效可持续进行。

Water allocation between regions is an effective method for optimizing utilization of water resources. Sustainable interregional water transfer relies heavily on the fair and reasonable profit distribution among the related participants in different areas. It has very important realistic and theoretical significance to distribute the benefits of water transfer and solve the regional contradiction of interests in the process of inter-regional water transfer. Based on Shapley value in the cooperative game theory, a method of profit distribution is built for profit sharing and interest compensation under the cooperation condition in the inter-regional water transfer. The method in the paper is used to study how to distribute the benefits of water transfer among the participants, and to quantify the profit distribution and the corresponding compensation for the stakeholders involved in water transfer cooperation. Then, based on an empirical research, this paper uses the method to quantify the profit distribution and the corresponding compensation among the economic subjects in the inter-regional water transfer in Zhuji City of Zhejiang Province. Case study from Zhuji City verified the feasibility and validity of the method. And the case study showed that the interest compensation for the water output area is not enough. The method based on Shapley value which fully considers the contribution of each participant could guarantee profit distribution more fair and equitable for the related participants in the inter-regional water transfer. It is mean that the interests between the regions and the water users＇ interest should both been balanced in the current profit distribution of water transfer. And it＇ s urgent to establish scientific and reasonable benefit sharing and compensation mechanism, to protect the interests of the participants, and to ensure the effective sustainable water use in the inter-regional water transfer.