烟粉虱带毒率与番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的发生关系

Relationship between Virus Carrying Rate of Bemisia tabaci with TY Occurance

番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)是由烟粉虱专性传播的毁灭性病害,为明确烟粉虱带毒率及其对番茄黄化曲叶病毒病发生和危害程度的影响,采用PCR检测方法对陕西和宁夏不同时间、不同区域、不同寄主作物上的烟粉虱带毒率进行检测。结果表明,5、6月番茄上的烟粉虱带毒率最高,均达到100%,9月次之,为90%,说明5、6、9月是番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的高发时期;陕西关中地区、陕北地区、宁夏所采集的烟粉虱带毒率均在60%以上;对番茄、黄瓜、辣椒、茄子、豆角5种不同寄主作物上烟粉虱带毒率检测结果表明,番茄上的烟粉虱带毒率最高,为78%,说明番茄是带毒烟粉虱更喜食的寄主作物。烟粉虱广泛的分布区域、高携带双生病毒率和高种群密度是番茄黄化曲叶病毒病近年来危害不断加重的重要因素。

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus （TYLCV） is a devastating tomato disease transmitted by Bernisia tabaci. In order to discuss the effect of virus carrying rates of Bernisia tabaci on the occurrence and damage degree of TYLCV, we analyzed the rates in different times, different regions and different hosts by PCR detection. The results indicated that virus carrying rates were highest in May, June and September. Virus carrying rate was 100% in May and June, and it was 90% in September, the three months are TYLCV high incidence periods. The results of virus carrying rate showed that Guanzhong and Northen area of Shaanxi and Ningxia are all above 60%. Bemisia tabaci carrying TYLCV are preferred to eat tomato and the virus carrying rate is 78%, which is higher than that detected from cucumber, hot pepper, eggplant and bean. At recent years, the harm of Bemisia tabaci is more and more serious because of high TYLCV carrying rate, extensive distribution regions and widespread host carrying.