辽宁省医疗机构输血科(血库)建设和临床输血管理情况分析

Analysis of blood bank construction and clinical blood transfusion management situation in blood transfusion medical institutions in Liaoning province

目的了解辽宁省医疗机构输血科(血库)建设和临床输血管理情况。方法对全省198家医疗机构的输血科(血库)建设和临床输血管理情况通过调查表的方式进行调查分析。应用SPSS统计软件对反馈回的《医疗机构输血工作相关基本情况调查表》数据进行统计,根据统计结果进行描述性分析。结果三甲医院输血专业科室设置主要以输血科为主,而二甲医院和一级医院的输血科主要还是以检验科血库为主,没有设置独立的输血科室。绝大多数的输血科和血库房屋的使用面积均未满足其任务和功能的需要。目前我省输血专业的主力军仍以检验专业的专科和中专生为主,临床专业背景的输血人员严重不足。输血科目前除了一些常规工作外,并未根据临床需要和单位实际,开展输血治疗工作和特殊实验室检测。三甲医院的临床用血量远远高于二甲和一级医院。结论我省临床输血管理及输血科(血库)建设和管理方面还存在很多问题。我们应尽快制定本省的临床用血管理、输血科(血库)建设方案及考核细则,以指导、监督本省各级医疗机构的相关工作。

Objective To assess the situation on construction of blood transfusion department and clinical blood transfusion management in medical insti/utions in Liaoning province. Methods A questionnaire was sent to 198 medical institutions to investigate the construction of transfusion department and clinical blood transfusion management. SPSS statistical software was used to evaluate the feedback from ＂survey on blood transfusion related basic information in a medical institution＂ for statistical and descriptive analysis based on statistical results. Results The transfusion departments in tertiary level hospitals were equipped with a transfusion branch, while secondary level and primary level hospitals were only equipped with a clinical laboratory without an independent transfusion department. The vast majority of the blood transfusion departments and blood banks employed spaces that did not meet the needs of their task and function. At present, the professionals working in blood transfusion in our province graduated with a bachelors or an associate degree in laboratory science, but a serious shortage in clinicians with professional background of blood transfusion remained. In addition, blood transfusion departments could manage some routine work, but did not fulfill practical clinical needs, nor could they carry out special laboratory tests. Currently, tertiary level hospitals far outnumbers secondary level and primary level hospital in the usage of blood. Conclusion The clinical blood transfusion management in our province and the construction of blood transfusion departments still have many problems. We should formulate a plan to manage clinical blood use as soon as possible, a blood transfusion construction scheme and assessment rules, in order to guide and supervise related work in the medical institutions at all levels in the province.