天然气水合物的生成对浆液流动稳定性影响综述

Investigation on the effects of natural gas hydrate formation on slurry flow stability

目前在海底混输管道的水合物风险控制策略中,允许水合物在管道内的生成,以液固浆液流动的形式对海底油气产物进行输送。其中主要通过控制浆液中水合物的生成量和聚集程度,来实现对海底集输管线的流动安全保障。液固浆液流动具有相当复杂的流动特性,固相颗粒的引入对于流体的流动特性影响很大。本文分别综述了拟单相流动体系和气液多相流动体系中水合物颗粒对于管输体系流动稳定性的影响以及水合物对混输管道堵管特性的影响。着重讨论了水合物在管道壁面的生长和沉积特性、水合物与气液流型的耦合关系以及不同体系中水合物的堵管机理。此外,对软件模拟在水合物生成及浆液流动特性研究中的应用做了简单介绍。最后,根据对相关研究结果的总结,指出水合物在壁面生长沉积的微观特性和定量表述、颗粒不同分散形式的临界流速、不同气液流型条件下的水合物生成特性和颗粒行为等是今后水合物相关研究中需要进一步深入探究和明确的问题。

In the hydrate risk management strategy in deep-sea oil/gas transportation pipeline,hydrates are allowed to form in the pipe line,and the petroleum products are transported in the liquid-solid slurry form. Therefore,to ensure the flow safety in deep-sea pipeline,the hydrate volume fraction and degree of agglomeration must be controlled in a safe value. The liquid-solid slurry has complex flow properties due to the introduction of the hydrate solid phase. The present work reviewed the effects of hydrate particles on the flow stability and plug mechanism in both pseudo single phase system and the gas-liquid multiphase system. The hydrate growth and deposition on pipe wall,the inter-couple of natural gas hydrate and gas-liquid multiphase flow pattern and the different plug mechanisms in different systems were discussed emphatically. Besides,an introduction of the software simulation of the hydrates slurry flow was made. Finally,based on the reviewing,this paper proposed that study on the microscopic property and quantitative description of the hydrate growth and deposition,the critical velocities of different patterns of particles distribution,and the hydrate formation and slurry flow property in different flow patterns were the main issues to be researched in the future.