氮肥基追比对机插稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响

Nitrogen Fertilization Ratio on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Mechanical Transplanting Rice

以特优7571为材料进行田间试验,设置6∶3∶1(N1)、5∶3∶2(N2)、4∶3∶3(N3)3个基∶蘖∶穗肥比,研究了相同施氮素水平不同基追比例对机插稻产量和氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,N3处理产量和氮肥吸收效率明显高于N2和N1处理,与N2差异显著。N3处理的千粒重、结实率、干物质积累量、叶面积指数和穗部氮素积累量均高于其他2个施氮处理,但茎蘖数和有效穗数相对重施基肥处理(N1)略低。因此,提高分蘖肥和穗肥比例可以提高机插水稻中后期氮素和干物质积累量,从而获得高产。

With Teyou 7571 as test material, a field experiment was conducted to study effects of nitrogen fertilization ratio on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of mechanical transplanting rice, assigning proportion of base, tillering and panicle nitrogen fertilizer as 6：3：l（N1）,5：3：2（N2） and,4：3：3（N3）. The results showed that the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of N3 was significantly higher than those of N2 and N1, and its 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate, dry matter, LAI and nitrogen accumulation in late growth period were higher than other two nitrogen treatments, but its stem tillers and effective panicles was slightly lower than application （N1）. Therefore, increasing tillers and panicle fertilizer proportions can improve the mechanical transplanting rice nitrogen and dry matter accumulation in mid and late growing periods and obtain high gain yield.