冀西北地区施用氮磷钾肥对食葵产量和经济效益的影响

Influence of N P K Fertilizers on Yield and Benefit of Confectionary Sunflowers in Northwest of Hebei

为明确施用氮、磷、钾肥对食葵产量的影响,以及食葵对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收规律和利用效率,进行两年的肥料效应试验,结果表明:施用氮、磷、钾肥对食葵均有增产效果,其中钾肥增产最高,其次是氮肥,磷肥增产最少,与不施肥对照相比增产幅度分别为11.26%、8.45%、7.24%,氮、磷、钾肥的农学效率分别为2.49、5.10、4.49kg/kg,施用氮、磷、钾肥的养分利用率分别为19.65%、9.40%、35.22%,生产100kg食葵子实需要吸收氮、磷、钾肥分别为5.04、1.89、10.05kg。在种植食葵时要重施钾肥,提高氮肥用量,适量施用磷肥。

In order to investigate the effects of fertilization on yield, nutrient utilization and absorption of confectionary sunflowers, field experiments were conducted in two years. Results showed that nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers have yield increasing effects on confectionary sunflowers, where in the yield increasing effect of potassium fertilizer is the highest, that of nitrogen fertilizer takes the second place, and that of phosphate fertilizer is the lowest. Their rates of increase are 11.26%, 8.45% and 7.24%, respectively. The yield increases of enable sunflower seeds through lkg of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers are 2.49kg, 5.10kg and 4.49kg respectively; nutrient utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers are 19.65%, 9.40% and 35.22% respectively; nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers required to be absorbed for producing 100kg of confectionary sunflower seeds are 5.04kg, 1.89kg and 10.05kg respectively. Potassium fertilizer is required in large amount, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, and the amount of phosphate fertilizer is required to some extent during the planting of confectionary sunflowers.