密度对高粱品种辽杂19群体子粒灌浆的效应

Effect of Plants Densities on Population Grain Filling Characteristic of Sorghum Hybrid Liaoza19

2014年在辽宁省农业科学院高粱试验田,通过不同密度处理(60 000、75 000、90 000、105 000、120 000株/hm^2),分析高产高粱品种辽杂19群体子粒灌浆特征及其与产量的关系。结果表明,随密度增加,产量先增加后降低,表现单峰曲线变化趋势。在中密度(90 000株/hm^2)条件下群体产量显著高于低密度(60 000株/hm^2)、高密度(105 000株/hm^2)和超高密度(120 000株/hm^2)群体。各密度处理高粱群体子粒灌浆过程均可用Logistic方程拟合。中密度高粱群体子粒平均灌浆速率(G)、最大灌浆速率(G_(max))显著高于低密度、超高密度群体。不同密度高粱群体子粒活跃灌浆期(D)差异达显著水平。相关和逐步回归分析表明,群体子粒灌浆速率是影响高粱产量的主要因素;群体线性灌浆期的灌浆速率(P_2)对产量的影响最大,因此提高P_2可能是增产的关键。

The relationship between characteristics of population grain filling and yield were studied with five planting densities （60 000 plants/hm^2, 75 000 plants/hm^2, 90 000 plants/hm^2, 105 000 plants/hm^2, 120 000 plants/hm^2） of sorghum hybrid Liaozal9 on the field in 2014. The results showed that the dynamic trend of yield with densities was unimodal curve. The yield of middle-density population （90 000 plants/hm^2） was the highest than the others. The logistic equation could be used to simulate population grain filling process of these populations with five planting densities. The maximum population grain filling rate and the mean population grain filling rate of middle density population （90 000 plants/hmE）were significantly higher than those of the low density population （60 000 plants/hmE） and the highest density population （120 000 plants/hmZ）. The active population grain filling period was not significantly different among the different density treatments. Correlation and regression analysis showed that the population grain filling rate was the main factor affecting sorghum yield. Population grain filling rate at linear growth period （P2） played the most important role for the yield. Therefore increasing P2 is the key way for getting high yield.