妊娠期合并戊型肝炎病毒感染相关机制的研究进展

Advances in hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy

戊型病毒性肝炎是由戊型肝炎病毒（hepatitis E virus,HEV）感染引起的一种自限性疾病。戊型肝炎暴发时期孕妇最易感染,是孕期肝病的主要病因。孕妇中81%的暴发性肝衰竭、37%的急性肝炎由HEV感染所致。HEV感染率在孕晚期较孕早期和中期高,HEV相关暴发性肝衰竭的死亡率在孕中晚期（3~9个月）最高。疾病严重性与高死亡率的特点可能与怀孕时激素及免疫能力改变有关。因此对于孕期HEV感染更应高度关注。不同地域孕妇HEV感染率及预后不同,可能与HEV基因型、病毒载量以及所在地域HEV流行情况相关。

Hepatitis E is a global problem rather than only prevalent in developing countries which caused by hepatitis E virus（HEV） infection. Pregnant women are easy to be infected in hepatitis E outbreak which is the main reason for liver damage during pregnancy. Totally 81% of fulminant liver failure and 37% of acute hepatitis are caused by HEV infection in pregnant woman. HEV infection rate is higher during late gestation than early and middle gestation, and the mortality of HEV fulminant liver failure is higher during middle and late gestation（3-9 months）. Illness severity and high mortality may be related to the change of hormone and immune response during pregnancy. Therefore, HEV infection during pregnancy should be paid close attention to. And, HEV infection rate and prognosis are different in different areas which probably associate with HEV genotype, viral load and local prevalence.