鼠李糖乳杆菌对四种霉菌生长的抑制作用

Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus on the growth of four species of molds

为了探索鼠李糖乳杆菌对黄曲霉、黑曲霉、串珠镰刀菌和禾谷镰刀菌的抑制效果,试验将鼠李糖乳杆菌与黄曲霉、黑曲霉、串珠镰刀菌和禾谷镰刀菌共同培养,测定其抑菌面积、菌丝生长和孢子萌发率。结果表明：鼠李糖乳杆菌在48～72h对4种霉菌的抑制面积逐渐下降;上清液组黄曲霉、黑曲霉和禾谷镰刀菌的孢子萌发率与对照组相比分别减少了41.70%、26.79%和30.68%（P〈0.01）,全菌液组黄曲霉、黑曲霉、串珠镰刀菌和禾谷镰刀菌的孢子萌发率与对照组相比分别减少了93.48%、17.30%、29.01%和17.54%（P〈0.01）,全菌液组黄曲霉和串珠镰刀菌的孢子萌发率与上清组相比分别减少了51.78%和29.54%（P〈0.01）,上清液组黑曲霉和禾谷镰刀菌的孢子萌发率与全菌液组相比分别减少了9.49%和13.14%（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;48小时时上清液对黑曲霉和串珠镰刀菌菌丝生长的抑制效果优于黄曲霉和禾谷镰刀菌,全菌液对4种霉菌菌丝生长均有明显的抑制作用。说明鼠李糖乳杆菌对霉菌生长具有较好的抑制作用,对黄曲霉和串珠镰刀菌的抑制效果较好,全菌液的抑菌效果优于上清液或沉淀。

To explore the inhibitory effeet of lactobaeiUus rhamnosus on the growth of four speeies of molds including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum, lactobacillus rhamnosus was eo - cultured with the four spoeies of molds for the deteetion of the baeteriostatie area, myeelial growth, spore germination rate. The results showed that the bacteriostatie areas of lactobacillus rhamnosus to the four species of molds were gradually deelined from 48 h to 72 h. The spore germination rates of Aspergillusflavus, Aspergillus ni- ger and Fusarium graminearum in the supernatant group were redueed by 41.70%, 26.79% and 30.68% （ P 〈 0.01 ）eompared with the control group, respectively ; the spore germination rates of the four species of molds in the whole bacterial liquid group were reduced by 93.48%, 17.30%, 29.01% and 17.54% （P 〈 0.01 ） compared with the control group, respectively; the spore germination rates of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliformin in the whole bacterial liquid group were reduced by （ P 〈 0.01 ） 51.78% and 29.54% compared with the supernatam group, respectively; the spore germination rates of Aspergillus niger and Fusarium moniliformin in the supernatant group were reduced by 9.49% and 13.14% （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0. 01 ） compared with the whole bacterial liquid group, respectively. The inhibitory effeet of the euhure supernatant against Aspergillus niger and Fusarium moniliformin at 48 h was better than that against Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearu, and the whole bacterial liquid had obvious inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of the four species of molds, The results indicate that Lactobacillus rhamnosus has better inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth, and its inhibition effects on the Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium monili- formin are better, and the inhibition effect of the whole bacterial liquid is better than the supernatant or preeipitate.