技术创新、技术差距与中国区域绿色发展

Technological innovation,technological gap and green development in China

本文结合方向距离函数和SBM模型构建体现节能减排与经济增长双重目标的绿色发展效率指标,并基于全局Luenberger指数和共同前沿方法将绿色发展效率指标进行分解,从"技术创新"、"技术差距"和"管理"三个方面实证分析中国绿色发展现状、区域差异及其成因。研究发现:(1)2001-2014年,中国绿色发展从停滞甚至倒退逐步展现出良好的发展势头。样本区间内,技术创新对中国绿色发展形成正向的效应,区域间技术差距逐步缩窄,管理问题则不断加剧;(2)依托其强劲的技术创新,东部地区绿色发展势头良好,中部和西部地区绿色发展滞后则分别源于技术差距的扩大和管理问题的加剧;(3)中国绿色发展呈现出区域差异化特征,各地区未来推动绿色发展的侧重点应有所不同。本文基于省级层面,从加强技术创新、缩小技术差距和优化管理三个方面量身制定绿色发展策略,指明各省份绿色发展的方向。

Combining directional distance function and SBM model, this paper proposed green development efficiency （GDE） index re- fleeting the goals of energy conservation, emissions reduction, and economic growth. On this basis, this paper then decomposed GDE for empirically analyzing the current status and regional difference and its causes of China＇ s green development. The results show that： （1） during the period of 2001 -2014, China＇ s green development showed a sound development momentum. Technological innovation had promoted China＇ s green development effectively and technological gap between regions gradually had been narrowed. However, the management problem had been intensifying ever since the beginning; （2） relying on its strong technological innovation, green develop- ment in the eastern region develops well. And green development in the central and western regions lags behind respectively because of the expansion of technology gap and the intension of management issues; （3） as China＇s green development shows distinct spatial the characteristics, the focuses of promoting green development for China＇ s provinces are quite different. This paper formulated green de- velopment strategies for China＇ s 30 provinces from three aspects of promoting technological innovation, narrowing technological gap, and optimizing management, noting the direction of provincial green development.