党委干部协商民主认知对协商实践及效果评价的影响——基于地方官员问卷调查结果的分析

An Analysis of the Influence of Party Committee Officials' Democracy Awareness on the Practice and Evaluation of Deliberative Democracy

中国的协商民主是党领导下的协商民主;协商民主意识是协商实践产生的基础,但意识与实践并不具有天然一致性。基于全国12省调查数据,文章认为:党委干部和政协干部的协商民主认知差别不大,总体为积极的、正面的;但公众协商实践的经常化水平低,总体为消极的、浅层的;实践满意度大体处于一般水平;协商认知与实践及效果呈现出"知易行难"的特征。协商民主熟悉度、平等机制和真诚互动认知显著促进党委干部积极开展协商实践;进而强化实践满意评价。协商民主重要性和内涵认知对实践及效果评价影响不显著。协商效能认知虽有助于提升积极实践,但反而降低协商满意度;越认可协商民主适合于高层,积极实践越少,但满意度越高。此外,经常开展协商实践有助于提升满意度,积极实践比消极实践对实践满意度影响更大。因此,让协商民主运转起来,不仅需要继续开展多样化的宣传、教育等活动,提升党委干部的协商民主认知水平,而且也有赖于营造良好的协商情境,促进协商民主认知向协商实践的转化。

Chinese deliberative democracy is under the leadership of the CPC. Awareness of deliberative democracy is the foundation of its practice. However, there is not a natural consistency between awareness and practice. Based on a survey of 384 officials form 12 provinces, the study finds that：There are no differences between Party Committee and CPPCC officials in terms of awareness of deliberative democracy. Overall, Party committee officials＇ awareness of deliberative democracy is positive, though deliberative democracy is not practiced regularly among the public. In other words, deliberative democracy is easier said than done. Understanding of deliberative democracy, equal mechanisms and sincere implementation systems greatly help Party committee officials to carry out deliberative democracy, thus making the practice more satisfactory. To ensure that deliberative democracy work properly, we need to continue to carry out extensive communication and guidance campaigns and make Party committee officials more aware of deliberative democracy. We also need to make use of the favorable deliberative conditions to help translate the awareness of deliberative democracy into practice.