纳米靶向给药系统的研究进展

Progress of brain-targeted nanoparticles in glioma therapies

脑胶质瘤的成功治疗是生物医学领域的最大挑战之一。在世界范围内,胶质瘤的发病率在逐年增加。每年,大约有13 000例患者被诊断胶质母细胞瘤,患者1、5年的生存率分别为29.3%、3.3%。由于胶质瘤高增殖性、渗透性和浸润性,使得目前常用的治疗手段包括手术切除、放疗、化疗等均难以达到良好的治疗效果,同时,抗肿瘤药非特异性和非靶向性,药物传递到肿瘤的效率还很低。其次,血脑屏障的存在阻碍了胶质瘤的治疗。因此,寻求一种能够通过血脑屏障治疗脑胶质瘤的方法是极其重要的。纳米技术为胶质瘤的治疗带来了新希望。本文讨论了树状大分子纳米粒子和受体调节纳米药物传递系统对胶质瘤治疗的潜在性。

Successful treatment of glioma is one of the greatest challenges in the field of medicine. The incidence is growing fast year by year. Annually, there are approximately 13 000 cases of patients diagnosed with glioblastomamultiforme. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates of glioblastomamultiforme are 29.3% and 3.3% respectively. The prognosis of patients with malignant glioma is still poor. As its highly proliferative, infiltrative and invasive property, it＇s urgent to search effective strategies to control the gliomas. What＇s more, the non-specific, non-targeted nature of anti-tumor agents led to the low efficiency of drug delivery to glioma. Besides, the presence of the blood brain barrier is another obstacle for gliomas treatments. Hence, it＇s of great importance to find an effiecient gliomas therapeutic to overcome the BBB barrier. Nanotechnology has brought a new prospect in the treatment of glioma. This review focuses on the potential of various nanoparticles in the therapy of gliomas including dendrimers, receptor-mediated drug delivery systems.