板柱结构改造中楼板开洞问题分析

Analysis on Slab with New Opening in Reconstructing Slab-column Structure

楼板为板柱结构的重要构件,其开洞影响整体结构的刚度和承载力。板柱楼板开洞可分为仅需要进行局部补强和需要整体分析的两类洞口。本文分析了局部补强洞口对结构水平刚度和楼板竖向刚度及承载力的影响,结果表明,其对刚度的影响可忽略不计,在承载力方面,除需对开洞截面进行加固外,还应对其所在板带的未开洞部位进行适度补强。当洞口尺寸超出了局部补强的条件时,应进行结构整体分析,本文给出了处理原则。最后介绍了一个板柱结构开洞改造的工程实例,供同类工程参考。

Slab is important structure member in slab-column structure. Opening on slab will reduce the rigidness and capacity of the structure. The opening can be divided into two kinds： one is small opening,just needing to be strengthened at local position; the other is big opening,needing to be analyzed the whole structure. The small opening＇s influence on the structural rigidness and capacity is analyzed,as a result,the influence on rigidness is puny,the structure can be strengthened at local slab. And the strip with opening should be strengthened at other sections. When the opening size exceeds conditions of strengthening,integral structure analysis is needed and this paper gives the methods. An example of opening on slab is listed in the last part for reference.