健康体检中超声诊断甲状腺结节的应用价值

The Application Value of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules in Health Examination

目的:探讨超声检查在健康体检中诊断甲状腺结节的应用价值。方法:选取2015年8-12月在笔者所在医院健康体检中心进行常规甲状腺超声检查者1891例进行回顾性分析。结果:1891例甲状腺检查者中,检出甲状腺结节774例,患病率为40.93%,其中女性患病率为46.47%,男性患病率为29.43%,女性甲状腺结节患病率显著高于男性,比较差异有统计学意义(字2=49.853,P<0.001)。甲状腺结节患病率随年龄的增长呈增加趋势(字2=11.828,P=0.019)。774例甲状腺结节检出15例甲状腺癌,占全部检出结节的1.94%,诊断符合率达75%。单因素分析甲状腺结节超声征象在鉴别良恶性结节间,结节的数目、纵横比、边界、边缘、内部结构、内部回声水平、伴微小钙化差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中血供程度、RI、淋巴结转移的超声征象差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:健康体检中甲状腺超声检查可以提高甲状腺结节的检出率,根据检出结节提示恶性的超声征象特点可以提高甲状腺恶性结节的诊断准确率,有利于无症状的甲状腺癌早期诊断及采取有效的治疗措施,因此甲状腺超声检查作为健康体检中的常规检查项目有重要的临床意义。

Objective： To investigate the value of uhrasonography in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules in healthy physical examination.Method： 1891 cases of routine thyroid ultrasound examination in our hospital health examination center from August 2015 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Result： 1891 cases of thyroid examiner in the detection of thyroid nodules 774 cases, the prevalence was 40.93%, 46.47% prevalence rate among female, male prevalence rate was 29.43%, female prevalence of thyroid nodules was significantly higher than male（x^2=49.853, P〈0.001）.The prevalence of thyroid nodules showed an increasing trend with age（x^2=11.828, P=0.019）.Thyroid nodules were detected in 774 cases of thyroid carcinoma in 15 cases, accounting for 1.94% of all detected nodules, diagnosis rate of 75%.Single factor analysis of thyroid nodules in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules, the number of nodules, aspect ratio, boundary, edge, internal structure, internal echo level, with slight calcification differences were statistically significont（P〈0.05）, there were no significant differences in blood supply, RI and lymph node metastasis（P〉0.05）.Conclusion： Healthy thyroid ultrasound can increase detection rate of thyroid nodules, nodule malignancy based on the detection of characteristic sonographic features can improve the diagnostic accuracy of malignant thyroid nodules, it is conducive to the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and take thyroid cancer effective treatment measures, so as healthy thyroid uhrasonography in the routine examination has important clinical significance.