论阿马蒂亚·森的可行能力理论及其对教育的启示

The Enlightenment of the Capability Theory of Amartya Sen to Education

发展是一个人在其生命延续过程中主动追求、积极建构的自己"自由"的生活状态,既是人的生命过程,又是人的生活状态。"自由"作为人的"类本性"固然潜在于人的生命中,但它不会自动地到来。在现实性上,一个人的自由反映在其生活的可行能力之中。一个人的可行能力愈大,他的自由程度就越高,生活质量就越高,发展得就更好,反之亦然。教育从来都不是孤立的,它是一种个人参与社会意识的实践活动。可行能力理论启示教育:一直致力于人的发展的教育,要把自由的理念、可行的能力、社会的改良三者巧妙地组合在一起,才能更好地实现其自身的社会功能。

Development refers to a state in which a person, in the course of continuation of his life, actively constructs the ＂free＂ pursuit and active life. ＂Freedom＂, as a person＇s ＂class nature＂, is potential in people＇s lives, but it will not come automatically. In reality, a person＇s freedom is reflected in his capability of living. The more capability one has, the higher degrees of his freedom, the better quality of his life and his personal development, vice versa. Education has never been isolated. Instead, it is a sense of personal involvement in social practice activities. The enlightenment of the theory of capability to education is： the education which has been committed to the development of man, should cleverly combine the ideal of freedom, practice ability, and social improvement together, so as to better realize its social function.