农田作业期最佳分布问题研究

Study on the optimum distribution problem of agricultural operation period

合理确定最佳作业期是减少适时性损失,提高农业经济效益重要保障。文章指出单项作业和具有两项关键作业的作业期最佳分布定理限制条件:在实际农业生产中,某项作业的总作业量固定不变。而农业机械日作业效率随时间变化,不同作业期分布对应不同总作业日数。建立不同情况下作业量约束模型和适时性损失量(值)模型,指出作业期最佳分布应满足的条件;结合计算示例验证模型有效性。

An unreasonable choice of agricultural operation period will cause more timeliness losses, so to rationally determine the optimum operation period is an important safeguard to cut timeliness losses and enhance economic performance. This paper proposed limiting conditions for the optimum distribution theorems with the individual work and two items of critical work mentioned in the published literatures and made it clear that in actual agricultural production, the efficiency of a certain operation is changeless, while the daily quantity of mechanized operation was often time-varying, so different operation period distributions correspond to different total operation days. Under this premise, a constraint model for operation quantity and a model for timeliness loss quantity （loss） were established respectively in different cases, and the condition of optimal operation period distribution was solved. The research conclusion of this paper, as an extension of the optimum distribution theorem of the operation period in the original literatures, had a more universal meaning.