大学生共情在亲社会行为与尴尬间的中介作用

Mediating effect of empathy on relationship between pro-social behavior and embarrassment in college students

目的：探讨大学生认知共情与情绪共情在亲社会行为与尴尬关系中的链式中介作用。方法：选取哈尔滨市2所高校部分在校大学生380人[男159人,女221人;年龄17～27岁,平均（21±2）岁],采用青少年亲社会倾向量表（PTM）、尴尬易感性量表中文版（SES）和中文版人际反应指针量表（IRI-C）进行测量,采用结构方程模型和Bootstrap法对共情在亲社会行为与尴尬间的中介作用进行检验。结果：认知共情与情绪共情在亲社会倾向与尴尬间具有链式中介作用,Bootstrap输出的95%可信区间为（0.15,0.28）,其中介效应为遮掩效应,间接效应与直接效应的比例的绝对值为｜0.03/-0.15｜,且性别在尴尬对认知共情的作用中存在调节效应。结论：尴尬情绪会直接抑制个体的亲社会倾向,尴尬也可以通过认知共情与情绪共情间接对个体的亲社会倾向产生作用,促进其亲社会行为产生。

Objective： To explore the mediating effect of cognitive empathy and emotional empathy on the relationship between pro-social behavior and embarrassment in college students. Methods： Totally 380 college students[ 159 males and 221 females, aged 17 to 27, mean age （21 ± 2）] from Harbin＇s two universities were assessed with the Prosocial Tendencies Measure for Adolescent（PTM）, Chinese Version of Susceptibility to Embarrassment Scale（SES） and Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C （IRI-C）. The structural equation modeling and Bootstrap were used to test the mediating effect of empathy on the relationship between pro-social behavior and embarrass- ment. Results： Cognitive empathy and emotional empathy played a chain mediating role between embarrassment and pro-social behavior. The confidence interval from Bootstrap output were 95% （0.15,0. 28）, its mediating effect was suppressing effect, the absolute value of portion between indirect effect and direct was 10. 03/- 0. 151 . Gender had a moderating effect between embarrassment and cognitive empathy. Conclusion： Embarrassment could directly affect and inhibit individual＇s willingness to pro-social behavior, also indirectly affect willingness to pro-social and promote pro-social behavior both through cognitive empathy and emotional empathy.