高山栎天然林土壤有机质及酶活性的通径分析

Path Analysis of Soil Organic Matter and Enzyme Activities of Quercus aquifolioides Natural Forest

为探究高山栎天然林土壤生物学特性对土壤养分的影响,运用通径分析法,研究了云南省玉溪市磨盘山国家森林公园内的高山栎天然林土壤养分与土壤酶活性、微生物数量之间的关系。结果表明,土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、转化酶活性及细菌、放线菌、真菌、微生物总数量都是随着土层深度增加逐渐减小;影响土壤p H值的重要因素是脲酶、过氧化氢酶、转化酶活性与真菌数量;影响有机质、全氮、速效磷的重要因素是脲酶、过氧化氢酶、转化酶;影响土壤碱解氮的主要因子是脲酶、过氧化氢酶、真菌数量。总的来说,高山栎天然林土壤养分受土壤酶活性影响较大,受微生物数量影响较小。

To explore the influence of soil biological characteristics on the soil nutrient in Quercus aquifolioides forest, the relationship between the soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient factors, and microorganism quantity of Quercus aquifolioides forest in Mopanshan National Forest Park in YuXi city of Yunnan Province were studied through the path analysis. The results showed that the soil urease, catalase, invertase activities and the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, total microbial were gradually decreased with the increasing of soil depth. The important factors that affected soil pH were urease, catalase, invertase activity and the number of fungi. The im- portant factors that affected the soil organic matter and total nitrogen, available phosphorus were urease, catalase, invertase. The main factors which affect the soil alkaline hydrolysis were urease, catalase and the number of fun- gi. In general, soil nutrient of Quercus aquifolioides forest were greatly influenced by soil enzyme activity, and microbial quantity had less affection on soil nutrient.