三倍体葡萄胚挽救苗驯化及移栽技术研究

Study on Domesticating and Transplanting Techniques of Triploid Grape Seedlings from Embryo Rescue

以玫瑰香优系×早甜、玫瑰香优系×户太8号、玫瑰香优系×醉金香、玫瑰香优系×巨玫瑰杂交的胚挽救苗为试材,系统地研究了基质种类和组成、生根粉浓度、营养液浓度、胚挽救苗苗龄、不同杂交组合5个方面对三倍体葡萄胚挽救苗移栽成活率的影响。结果表明,珍珠岩∶蛭石∶河沙=1∶1∶1作为基质的移栽成活率显著高于其他处理组;300 mg·L-1生根(ABT)溶液浸泡根系30s的移栽成活率最高;1/8MS营养液处理胚挽救苗的成活率最高,为71.67%;培养40 d的胚挽救苗移栽成活率为65.00%,显著高于其他试验组;玫瑰香优系×醉金香杂交苗移栽成活率最高。初步探索出一套简单易行、实用高效的葡萄胚挽救苗优化配套移栽技术。

Grape seedlings from hybrids of Muscat Hamburg x Zaotian, Muscat Hamburg x Hutai No.8, Muscat Hamburg x Zuijinxi- ang, Muscat Hamburg x Jumeigui seedless grapes through embryo rescue were taken as experimental materials. The effects of trans- plant matrix, rooting powder concentration, the concentration of nutrient solution, seedling transplant stages and different cross combi- nation on transplant survival percent of triploid grape embryo rescue seedlings were systematically studied. The results showed that the transplanting survival rate with perlite ：vermiculite ：sand =1 ：1：1 matrix was significantly higher than other treatment groups; the sur- vival rate were best with 300 mg· L-1 ABT solution soaking for 30 s; the survival rate of embryo rescue seedlings treated with 1/SMS nutrient solution was the highest, which was 71.67%;survival rate of embryo rescue seedlings of 40 d was 65%, which was significant- ly higher than other experimental groups; the transplanting survival rate of the hybrid seedlings of Muscat Hamburg x Znijinxiang was the highest. A set of simple, available, practical and efficient technique of embryo rescue seedlings was obtained.