纳米碳材料在可穿戴柔性导电材料中的应用研究进展

Advances in Wearable and Flexible Conductors Based on Nanocarbon Materials

可穿戴设备的兴起使得对柔性器件的需求日益提高,柔性导电材料作为可穿戴器件的重要组成部分而成为研究的热点。传统的电极材料主要是金属,因金属材料本身不具有柔性,一般通过降低金属层厚度以及设计波纹结构等策略实现其在柔性器件中的应用,其加工程序复杂,成本较高。以碳纳米管和石墨烯为代表的纳米碳材料兼具良好的柔性和优异的导电性,且具有化学稳定、热稳定、光学透明性等优点,在柔性导电材料领域展现了极大的应用潜力。本文简要综述了近年来纳米碳材料在柔性导电材料领域的研究进展,首先介绍了碳纳米管基柔性导电材料,分别包括基于碳纳米管水平阵列、碳纳米管垂直阵列、碳纳米管薄膜、碳纳米管纤维的柔性导电材料;继而介绍了石墨烯基柔性导电材料,包括基于剥离法制备的石墨烯和化学气相沉积法制备的石墨烯以及石墨烯纤维基柔性导电材料;并简述了碳纳米管/石墨烯复合柔性导电材料;最后论述了纳米碳材料基柔性导电材料所面临的挑战并展望了其未来发展方向。

With the rapid development of wearable devices, flexible conductive materials, which are one of the most important components of flexible electronics, have continued to attract increasing attention as important materials. Conventional electrodes mainly consist of rigid metallic materials, and consequently lack flexibility. Some of the strategies commonly used to make flexible metal electrodes include reducing the thickness of the electrode and designing electrodes with unique structural features. However, these techniques are generally complicated and expensive. Nanocarbon materials, especially carbon nanotubes and graphene, are highly flexible and exhibit excellent conductivity, superior thermal stability, good chemical stability, and high transmittance, making them good alternative materials for the preparation of flexible conductors. In this review, we have summarized recent advances towards the development of flexible conductors based on different types of nanocarbon materials, including carbon nanotubes arrays, carbon nanotubes films, carbon nanotubes fibers, graphene prepared using exfoliation or chemical vapor deposition techniques and graphene fibers. We have also provided a brief review of flexible conductive materials based on graphene/carbon nanotube composites, as well as a summary of the synthesis, fabrication and performances of these conductors. Finally, we have discussed the future challenges and possible research directions of flexible conductors based on nanocarbon materials.