复杂不确定环境下可信软件非功能需求评价模型

Non-functional requirements evaluation model for trustworthy softwares in complex and uncertain environments

复杂不确定环境下非功能需求的定量评价是可信软件开发管理过程中急需解决的问题.本文通过构建非功能需求证据模型、非功能需求质量评价体系生成可信软件非功能需求评价指标体系.基于改进前景理论,考虑评价者的有限理性及评价结果的不确定性,构建了可信软件非功能需求评价模型,在可信层次上对软件非功能需求进行定量评价与决策,并结合应用实例演示了模型的具体实现步骤及有效性.研究发现,评价者的有限理性及其变化对评价结果和决策会产生较大的影响.

It is an urgent problem in the development and management process of trustworthy softwares that non-functional requirements （NFRs） should be evaluated quantitatively under complex and uncertain environ- ments. This paper builds an evaluation index system on trustworthy software NFRs by utilizing the NFRs evidence model and the quality evaluation system, firstly. Because of human＇ bounded rationality and the un- certainty of the evaluation result, this paper proposes a novel evaluation method based on improved prospect theory and evaluates software NFRs quantitatively on the trustworthy level. Lastly, this paper demonstrates the concrete steps of this model and verifies its effectiveness through a real case. This research finds that the bounded rationality and its change impact the evaluation results and decision making greatly.