棕壤土合理耕层标准调查研究

Investigation on Standards of the Rational Plough Layer of Brown Soil

以昌图县为研究区域,调查分析目前旱田耕层现状和形成原因。调查结果表明,试验区农田平均耕层深度14.04 cm,平均有效土壤量为1.75×10~6kg/hm^2,平均有机质含量1.83%,平均下层土壤容重1.42 g/cm^3,未达到合理耕层标准。深松可使耕层深度和有效耕层土壤量分别增加20.66%和17.14%,并使深层土壤容重降低5.63%;施用有机肥可提高耕层有机质含量0.38个百分点,土壤容重降低4.80%。连年深松并施用有机肥是构建合理耕层的有效措施。

The analysis of the present situation and the forming reason of the dry farmland plough layer was studied in Changtu County. The result showed that the average depth of the plough layer, the average effective amounts of plough layer, the average amounts of soil organic matter, and the average bulk density of the soil lower layer was 14.04 cm, 1.75×10~6kg/ha, 1.83% and 1.42 g/cm^3, respectively, which did not reach the standards of the rational plough layer. Subsoiling increased the depth and effective amounts of the plough layer by 20.66% and 17.14%, respectively, as well as reduced soil bulk density by 5.63%. Organic fertilizer application improved the organic matter content of the plough layer by 0.38%, and reduced soil bulk density by 4.80%. So, combination of the subsoiling and organic fertilizer application was the effective way to construct the rational plough layer structure.