基于SPME-GC-MS的不同保鲜环境荔枝挥发性成分变化对比

Volatile comparison of different environment stored litchi based on SPME-GC-MS

本文采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对常温、冷柜、气调3种保鲜环境下荔枝全果5 d内挥发性成分变化进行测定。研究结果表明,荔枝挥发性成分主要是烃类（烯烃和烷烃）、醇类、酮类等物质。常温保鲜环境下,荔枝挥发性成分主要为烯烃物质,且在0-2 d逐渐增多,2 d后略有波动,但保持着较高的含量。冷柜保鲜环境下,荔枝挥发性成分中烯烃类物质含量最高,在0-3 d期间逐渐增加,第4 d有所下降,酮类、醇类和烷烃类物质含量较少。气调保鲜环境荔枝挥发性成分主要为烯烃类物质（0-4 d均占80%以上）,并有少量酮类、醇类和烷烃类物质检测出来。此外,常温保鲜无烷烃类和其他芳香物质成分（醇类和酮类）检测出来,冷柜保鲜和气调保鲜检测出的其他芳香物质（醇类和酮类）成分较多。该研究结果可为根据气体挥发物评价荔枝品质和检测荔枝货架信息提供参考。

The volatile change of 3 different environment（ room temperature, refrigerator and controlled atmosphere） stored litchi within 5 days were determined using solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer（ SPME-GC- MS） technology.The results showed that alkene, alkanes, alcohols and ketones exist in litchi volatile and the content of alkene was the highest.When storing at room temperature,the main component of litchi＇ s volatiles was alkene.And the content of the alkene was increased constantly from 0 to 2th d,then waving at certain and high number range. When storing at refrigerator, the content of alkene was the highest, which was increased constantly during 0 to 3 th d, and decreased at the 4 th d.There were less alkanes,alcohols and ketones exists in refrigerator litchi storage enviroment.The main volatile of litchi stored at controlled atmosphere environment was alkene which occupies more than 80% of the total from 0 to 4 th d.There were few alkanes, alcohols and ketones detected.In addition, there were no alkanes and extra aromatic components （alcohols and ketones） detected when litchi storing at room temperature, which were exist at refrigerator and controlled atmosphere environment stored litchi.This experimental can provide reference for litchi storage and quality detection according to its volatiles.