精准扶贫与目标群小额信贷:基于协同创新视角的个案研究

Precision Poverty Alleviation and Microfinance of Target Group: A Case Study Based on Collaborative Innovation Perspective

本文以内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗为例,研究了该地区扶贫小额信贷运行情况。研究发现,扶贫攻坚阶段的金融扶贫凸显了协同和精准理念,解决了传统扶贫中存在的目标偏移问题,协同创新和精准扶贫有效提高了小额信贷瞄准精度、减缓了信息不对称导致的道德风险和过高的交易成本问题。但在开发式扶贫进入攻坚阶段后,剩下的贫困户由于增收机会少,对生产性贷款可能存在有效需求不足,因而扶贫资金和扶贫贴息贷款的使用方法需要进行相应的调整,根据贫困程度和贫困原因采取不同的资金支持策略。

This paper studies the microfinance operation of Horqin Right Middle Banner of Inner Mongolia. The study found that the policies of financial poverty alleviation highlight the ideas of collaboration and precision,which solve the target offset problems existing in traditional poverty alleviation,collaborative innovation and precision poverty alleviation can improve the precision of targeting and mitigate moral hazard and excessive transaction costs due to asymmetric information in microfinance efficiently. However,after the development-oriented poverty alleviation entered a crucial stage,the rest of the poor households' productive loans may have insufficient effective demand due to fewer increase income opportunities. This paper suggests the use of poverty alleviation funds and poverty alleviation's discountloans need to be adjusted according to the poverty levels and poor reasons to take different funding strategies.