温室方位角对日光温室光环境影响的模拟研究

Simulation Study on the Effect of Greenhouse Azimuth on Light Environment of Sunlight Greenhouse

以中国农业大学的日光温室光辐射环境模型为基础,从温室的前屋面平均透光率、温室各表面指定时间段的平均辐射照度、单位温室长度内各表面累计的光辐射能量、单位温室长度内的累计光辐射总能量和直散光比例等5个方面评价了温室方位角对日光温室室内光照环境的影响。结果表明:在以正午时刻为对称的时间段内,随着温室方位角的变化,温室光环境的各项评价指标变化均不大。在正南方向,日光温室累计进光量最大,但只比最小值大0.45MJ。所以应根据当地实际生产情况调整日光温室方位角,若温室方位角南偏东,则应当早揭帘;若温室方位角南偏西,则应当晚揭帘。

The effects of greenhouse azimuth on the indoor illumination of greenhouse were evaluated from five aspects（ the average transmittance of the front roof, the average radiation intensity of the greenhouse,the cumulative radiation energy per unit length,total light radiation energy in the length of greenhouse and the percentage of direct light）. The results showed that at the moment of the high noon as the axis of symmetry, with the change of the greenhouse azimuth, the change of the evaluation index of the greenhouse light environment was not obvious. In the south, the total amount of light in the solar greenhouse was the largest,but only 0. 45 MJ larger than the minimum. In the actual production,taking into account the influence of the curtain time of the solar greenhouse,the greenhouse azimuth angle should be adjusted,if greenhouse azimuth was appropriate to south east, the curtain should be opened earlier, if greenhouse azimuth was appropriate to south west, the curtain should be opened later.