叙事视角转换与词的抒情主体之嬗变——以晚唐五代和北宋前中期词为中心

The Transformation of the Narrative Perspective and the Evolution of the Lyric Subject on Ci——Centering on Ci in Late Tang and Five Dynasties and Early-and Mid-Northern Song Dynasty

西方经典叙事学理论认为,第三人称叙述效果客观冷峻,第一人称叙述效果逼真实际。以之观照中国古代词的发展历程会发现:从晚唐五代始到北宋中前期,词体呈现出"男子作闺音"的第三人称视角词作数量由盛而衰,第一人称视角的词作数量由少而多的演变规律。这种叙事视角转换的过程,伴随着抒情主体由缺省潜隐到凸显确立的转变。大致情况是:晚唐五代时期抒情主人公的类型化、模式化;北宋中前期抒情主人公的个性化、具体化。

According to the western classical narrative theory, the third person narrative is a solemn objective description, while the first person narrative tends to be more vivid and real. On the basis of the study on the development process of Chinese Ci, from late Tang and Five Dynasties to the early- and mid- Northern Song Dynasty, the number of the third person perspective of ＂the man making the boudoir sound＂ declines while the number of the first person perspective of Ci rises. The trend from the third person narrative perspective to the first person narrative perspective is accompanied by the transformation from default, la- tent lyric subjects to highlighted counterparts, which can be attributed to the categorization and patternization in late Tang and Five Dynasties, and individualization and crystallization in the early- and mid- Northern Song Dynasty.