魔芋种植需肥规律研究

Research on the Fertilizer Requirement Law of Konjac Planting

[目的]研究魔芋种植需肥规律,为魔芋种植生产提供科学施肥依据。[方法]通过田间试验,研究不同施肥方式及施肥量对魔芋农艺性状及产量性状的影响。[结果]单纯施用有机肥或不含大量元素的无机矿物肥,魔芋球茎膨大倍数和产量增长倍数低;施用速效氮肥可增加魔芋球茎膨大倍数,但同时也增加其发病率,最终产量偏低;合理施用控释肥可降低魔芋发病率并增加其球茎膨大倍数,从而增加产量。[结论]魔芋种植生产中提倡有机肥和无机控释肥(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=12%∶10%∶18%)配合施用,依据土壤肥力可一次性作基肥施入有机肥22 488~29 985 kg/hm^2、控释肥600~900 kg/hm^2。

[Objective] To research the fertilizer requirement law of konjac planting, and to provide scientific fertilization basis for the produc-tion of konjak.[ Method] Effects of different fertilization methods and dosages on the agronomic characters and yield traits of konjac were re-searched by field test.[ Result] Under pure organic fertilizer or inorganic mineral fertilizer without macroelements , expansion times of bulbs and yield increasing times reduced.Applying available nitrogen fertilizer enhanced the expansion of bulbs, but also increased the incidence rate, and finally led to relatively low yield.Rational application of controlled-release fertilizer reduced the incidence rate, enhanced the expan-sion times of bulbs, and finally increased the yield.[ Conclusion] Combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic controlled-release fertilizer （ N∶P2 O5∶K2 O =12%∶10%∶18%） should be adopted during the planting of konjac.According to the soil fertility, 22 488 -29 985 kg/hm2 organic fertilizer and 600-900 kg/hm2 controlled-release fertilizer should be applied one time as the base fertilizer.