延边朝鲜族自治州市售稻米Pb·Cd含量及其健康风险

Contents and Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Cadmium in Rice from Markets of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture

[目的]评价吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州市售稻米Pb、Cd含量及其对人体健康的影响,探讨当地居民食用稻米安全性。[方法]在延边州8个市随机购买80份粳稻精米,采用石墨炉原子吸收法(GF-AAS)测定稻米样品中的Pb和Cd含量,并以食品中重金属Pb、Cd每月可耐受摄入量(PTMI)为标准,运用暴露模型进行健康风险评价。[结果]延边州稻米中重金属Pb、Cd含量平均值分别为0.13和0.04 mg/kg,有10%的稻米样品重金属Pb含量超过《食品安全国家标准-食品中污染物限量》(GB2762—2012)限值。延边州敦化、安图、和龙、龙井、图们5市市售稻米中存在一定比例的重金属Pb污染。延边州市售稻米样品中Pb、Cd的HQ值均小于1,表明此次所检测的延边州市售稻米样品对居民没有健康风险。[结论]延边州市售部分稻米已出现重金属Pb污染,未出现重金属Cd污染,延边州居民通过稻米摄入的重金属Pb、Cd不会对其健康构成明显危害。

[Objective] To evaluate the contents and health risk assessment of lead and cadmium in rice from markets of Yanbian Korean Au-tonomous Prefecture, and to discuss the rice safety of local residents.[ Method] Eighty samples were obtained randomly from markets of Yan-bian eight cities.Lead and cadmium concentrations in rice samples were measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer （ GF-AAS）.The metal pollution in rice was evaluated by single factor pollution index, and the metal health risk was assessed by exposure model. [Result] The concentrations of Pb and Cd in market rice were 0.13 and 0.04 mg/kg, respectively, in which 10% of the samples contained Pb exceeding the China Health Standards for Food （0.2 mg/kg）.There were certain proportions of rice samples were contaminated by Pb form Dunhua, Antu, Helong, Longjing and Tumen Cities.The hazard quotients （HQ） of the health risk were all less than 1, indicating there were no potential health risk of Pb and Cd pollution to residents in Yanbian.[ Conclusion] The Pb pollution exists but Cd pollution does not appear in rice from markets of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture .The accumulation of Pb and Cd in market rice is not a significant health risk to consumers of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.