日光温室新型保温被结构设计与保温性能研究

The Structure Design and Thermal Insulation Performance of a New Type of Thermal Insulation in Solar Greenhouse

[目的]研发能代替传统保温被且性价比更高的新型日光温室保温被。[方法]朝外面料分别选用了淋膜无纺布、淋膜军用基布、珍珠棉(EPE)复合黑色PE编织布、无纺布复合黑色PE编织布,朝里面料选用了强力无纺布;芯材分别选用了喷胶棉、杂羊毛、珍珠棉(EPE)、化纤棉、微孔发泡材料,试制了5种保温被,通过静态检测及室外试验,以市场主流保温被(牛津布+化纤棉)和(淋膜无纺布+化纤棉)为基准,对照分析了其保温性,且对面料测试了抗拉强度。[结果]静态检测报告表明,喷胶棉保温被和杂羊绒保温被的保温率分别为84.0%和83.3%,而淋膜化纤棉保温被和牛津布化纤棉保温被的保温率分别为75.0%和65.0%。室外试验表明,当室外温度最冷为-24.4℃时,喷胶棉保温被保温效果最好,室内温度达5.4℃;室外平均温度为-9.3℃时,室内平均温度为14.7℃;其次是杂羊绒保温被,室外温度为-24.4和-9.3℃时,室内温度分别达4.2和14.3℃;最差是牛津布化纤棉保温被和淋膜化纤棉保温被,室外温度为-24.4℃时,室内温度分别是2.8和3.6℃。[结论]喷胶棉保温被和杂羊毛保温被性能良好,可作为日光温室的新型高效保温材料推广。

[[Objective] The aim was to research and develop a new type of thermal insulation in solar greenhouse which is cost-effective and can replace traditional thermal insulation.[Method] Out of fabrics were chosen coated nonwoven, military base film, EPE composite black PE woven cloth, nonwoven fabric composite black PE woven cloth, inside fabrics were chosen nonwoven fabric; the core materials were chosen polyester wadding, miscellaneous wool, EPE, chemical fiber cotton, microporous foaming material.Through static test and outdoor test, with mainstream market thermal insulation（nylon oxford＋chemical fiber cotton） and （coated nonwoven＋chemical fiber cotton thermal insulation） as standard, the thermal insulation property was analyzed, and the tensile strength was tested.[ Result] Static test report showed that heat preservation rate of polyester wadding and miscellaneous wool thermal insulation was 84.0% and 83.3% respectively, that of coated chemical fiber cotton and nylon oxfordthermal insulation was 75.0%and 65.0%.The outdoor experiment showed that, when minimum temperature out-door was -24.4 ℃, heat preservation effect of polyester waddingthermal insulation was besst, temperature indoor was 5.4 ℃, average tem-perature outdoor was -9.3 ℃ and average temperature indoor weas 14.7 ℃;heat preservation effect of miscellaneous wool thermal insulation followed, when outdoor temperature was -24.4 and -9.3 ℃ , indoor temperature was up to 4.2 and 14.3 ℃; nylon oxfordchemical fiber cotton and coated nonwovenchemical fiber cotton thermal insulation had poorest Effect, when outdoor temperature was -24.4 ℃, indoor tem-perature was 2.8 and 3.6 ℃.[Conclusion] Polyester wadding and miscellaneous wool thermal insulation has good performance, which can be promoted as a new type of thermal insulation materials in solar greenhouse.