不同结构对超声波测风仪准确度的影响

Effect of Different Structure Ultrasonic Anemometer

超声波测风仪是一款利用超声波时差法来实现风要素测量的传感器。由于它很好地克服了机械式风速风向仪固有的缺陷,无旋转部件,免维护,能全天候地、长久地正常工作,所以越来越广泛地得到使用。在市场上国内外已研制出多种超声波风速仪,设计原理基本相同,不同之处在于结构的差异。从结构上来讲大体分为2种类型,一种是声波探头立于主体机身外,称之为外部悬挂式;另一种是声波探头位于主体机身内,称之为内部反射式:这2种传感器各具特点并都能利用超声波准确地测量风速风向。但是在观测风速的时候一般是水平方向的风的流动速度,而在山区或者机场和高铁站等特殊环境下风会产生一定角度,形成切变,在这种环境下2种超声波测风仪会出现偏差,经过多次测量得出结论,内部反射式超声波测风仪会将风速聚拢,使得数值增大,导致测量结果偏差。

Ultrasonic anemometer is a sensor using ultrasonic time difference method to realize the measurement of the wind elementt. Can use such as meteorology, climatology, in many areas of renewable energy, wind power, traffic engineering, aviation and navigation, wind alarm device, building and construction. Because it overcomes the inherent defects of the mechanical wind speed meter.No rotating parts, maintenance free, can work for a long time. So more and more widely used. In the market at home and abroad have developed a variety of ultrasonic wind speed meter, the design principle is basically the same, the difference lies in the structure of the difference. From the structure, it can be divided into two types. A probe is the main stand outside machine.We call external suspension. The other is the sound wave probe which is located in the main body, which we call the internal reflection type. These two kinds of sensors have their own characteristics and can be used to accurately measure the wind speed and direction of wind speed. But in observations of wind speeds is generally horizontal wind velocity, in mountain or airports and high-speed rail stations and other special environment wind will have a certain angle, the formation of shear, in this environment two ultrasonic anemometer is not to work normally, the measurement will won＇t appear deviation is the beginning of the study.