配伍前后四逆汤中酯型生物碱的变化规律

The changing rules of ester alkaloids in Sini decoction before and after compatibilities

目的研究四逆汤中附子配伍不同药味前后,汤液中酯型生物碱的变化规律。方法采用HPLC法测定附子单煎液、附子干姜合煎液、附子甘草合煎液和四逆汤中单酯型生物碱及双酯型生物碱成分的含量。结果附子配伍不同药味之后,苯甲酰乌头原碱等3种单酯型生物碱的含量均升高,依次为四逆汤>附子甘草合煎液>附子干姜合煎液>附子单煎液;仅在附子单煎液中检出次乌头碱,其浓度为0.11 mg·g^(-1),而在附子干姜合煎液、附子甘草合煎液、四逆汤中均未检测到双酯型生物碱成分。结论附子在配伍其他药味后,单酯型生物碱成分的含量升高、双酯型生物碱成分的含量减低,为"附子无干姜不热、干姜缓附子之毒"与附子-甘草"相畏/相杀"减毒配伍"毒减而效不减"提供了依据;四逆汤组单酯型生物碱成分的含量上升幅度最大,体现了全方药简力专、大辛大热,使阳复厥回通,共奏回阳救逆之功。

OBJECTIVE To explore the changes of ester alkaloids contents of Aconiti lateralis radix praeparata （ALRP） before and after compatibilities in Sini decoction. METHODS The contents of diesterifiable alkaloids and monoester alkaloids in single ALRP decoction, ALRP - Zingiberis rhizoma（ZR） decoction, ALRP - Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma （GRR） decoction and Sini decoction were measured by HPLC. RESULTS The contents of the three diesterifiable alkaloids increased after ALRP compatibility with the different medicines, and the sequence was Sini decoction 〉 ALRP - GRR decoction 〉 ALRP - ZR decoction 〉 single ALRP decoction. Hypaconi- tine was only measured in single ALRP decoction with the concentration of 0.11 mg·g^-1, and the other three samples didn＇ t detect the monoester alkaloids. CONCLUSION The three diesterifiable alkaloids increased and the monoester alkaloids decreased after ALRP compatibility with the different medicines, and provided the scientific basis for ‘ZR enhancing the efficacy of ALRP, ALRP cannot play a good effect without ZR＇ and ‘ALRP - GRR pairing reduces their poison and keeps efficacy＇. The contents of the three diesterifiable alkaloids in Sini decoction are the highest, which reflects the meaning of enhancing efficacy of Sini decoction compatibilities and the scientificity of the medicine - using.