留学生汉语听觉与视觉输入学习策略调查研究

An Investigation into International Students' Chinese Learning Strategies Based on Auditory and Visual Input

本文对留学生汉语听觉和视觉输入学习策略进行了调查,结果表明,听觉与视觉输入学习策略共性在于:留学生对技巧观认同度最高,操练观最低;最常用母语和交流求助策略;精泛输入策略均中频使用。听觉和视觉输入学习策略各因子差异十分显著,其差异主要表现在:视觉输入组学习观念更明确,并高频使用管理策略和学习策略;听觉输入组最常用元认知监控和关注策略,视觉输入组更常用选材和处理障碍策略。语言水平对输入学习策略的使用有一定影响:初级水平组各因子的差异几乎都达到了显著性水平;除母语策略外,其他各类观念和策略的使用率都随语言水平的提高而稳步上升;高级水平组留学生汉语听觉和视觉输入学习策略的偏好趋同。

This paper presents an investigation into the Chinese learning strategies of international students based on auditory and visual input.The shared features between the two kinds of input are as follow：（1）international students show the greatest preference for the＂skills concept＂,but the least interest in the＂pattern-drills concept＂;（2）they are more likely to use their native languages for communication and assistance-seeking strategy;（3）both intensive and extensive input strategies are adopted with medium frequency.Factors impacting learning strategies vary significantly with the type of input and the major differences are manifested in the following aspects：（1）the group that adopt the visual input strategy show a more definite learning concept,and use management strategies and learning strategies with a higher frequency;（2）the group that adopt the auditory input strategy tend to use meta-cognitive monitoring and attention strategy,while the group using visual input prefer to use material-selection and obstacle-removal strategies.Language proficiency levels do exert influence on the adoption of input-based language learning strategies：differences in almost all factors have reached the significant level for the beginners＇ group;in addition to the native language strategy,the use of other concepts and strategies steadily rises along with the improvement of language proficiency;as to the advanced level,international students show similar preferences in using learning strategies irrespective of the input type in their learning of Chinese.