人口红利对日本经济的影响及启示——基于二战后日本人口结构变化的分析

The Impact of Demographic Dividend on Japanese Economy and Its Enlightenment——An Analysis on the Demographic Changes After the World War Ⅱ

日本在经历第一次人口红利和第二次人口红利期后实现了经济增长,目前日本人口结构已进入少子高龄化阶段,这对日本的劳动力供给、消费、储蓄及社会保障制度产生一定影响,阻碍了其经济增长。中国与日本相比,无论是人口结构变化模式还是经济增长模式,都有极为相似之处。借鉴日本应对人口红利消失后,少子高龄化的经验,对正面临人口红利消失和转变经济增长方式的中国具有重要意义。

Going through the first and the second demographic dividend which led to great economic growth,Japan has now entered a stage of advanced age with fewer children,which exerts great influence on the labor supply,consumption,deposit and social security system,and this hinders economic development. Comparatively,China and Japan share great similarities on the pattern of demographic changes and economic growth. Thus,using the experience of Japan in coping with the disappearing of demographic dividend and handling aging society for reference,is of great significance for China who is confronting with the predicament of demographic dividend disappearing and economic growth transition.