鸟类飞行空气动力学对人类飞行的启示

Human flight inspired by the aerodynamics of bird flight

文章回顾了人类早期仿鸟飞行失败的历史,究其失败原因在于盲目模仿鸟的翅膀的形状和运动规律,而没有研究扑翼飞行的空气动力学原理。随着对空气动力学研究的逐渐深入,人类成功研制了各类飞行器。在飞行器气动技术的发展历史过程中,许多技术革新均受到鸟类飞行空气动力学的启示,例如低速翼型、流线型细长机身、平尾和起落架的设计等等。

The historical failures of human flight imitating flying birds are summarized. In early times, humans just blindly imitated the shape and movement of birds＇ wings, but did not know anything about the aerodynamics of flapping wings. With the development of aerodynamics,various types of aircraft have been successfully invented, during which many innovations were inspired by bird flight aerodynamics, such as the design of low-speed airfoil, streamlined fuselage with small drag, horizontal tails, landing gear, and so on.