茶多酚、维生素E和吡咯喹啉醌二钠对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Tea Polyphenol, Vitamin E and Pyrroloquinolinequinone Na_2 on Performance and Antioxidant Activity of Old Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究茶多酚(TP)、维生素E(VE)和吡咯喹啉醌二钠(PQQ·Na_2)对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血浆、肝脏和蛋黄抗氧化能力的影响。选取产蛋率、体重相近,健康状态良好的60周龄罗曼蛋鸡300只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;TP200和TP400组分别在基础饲粮中添加200和400 mg/kg的TP;VE组为基础饲粮+85 mg/kg VE;PQQ·Na_2组为基础饲粮+0.08 mg/kg PQQ·Na_2,预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:饲粮添加TP、VE、PQQ·Na_2均能抑制后期蛋鸡产蛋率降低,且随试验期延长,效果更为明显,TP200>TP400>PQQ·Na_2>VE;TP、PQQ·Na_2能抑制产蛋后期鸡蛋哈夫单位降低,PQQ·Na_2>TP400>TP200;试验第6周TP200组显著增加了鸡蛋的长度。TP400和VE组蛋鸡血浆和肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性、总抗氧化(T-AOC)能力和血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著提高(P<0.05),血浆和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);PQQ·Na_2显著提高了蛋鸡血浆和肝脏T-SOD活性(P<0.05);TP200显著提高了蛋鸡血浆GXH-Px活性(P<0.05)。TP400和VE组显著提高了蛋黄T-SOD活性、降低了蛋黄MDA含量,PQQ·Na_2组显著提高了蛋黄T-SOD活性(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮添加TP和PQQ·Na_2可抑制产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋率和哈夫单位降低,TP、VE和PQQ·Na_2可改善机体抗氧化能力,但PQQ·Na_2的抗氧化效果较弱,不同抗氧化剂的作用效果不同。综合考虑TP400的效果最好。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of TP （Tea Polyphenol）,VE （Vitamin E） and PQQ·Na2（Pyrroloquinolinequinone Na2） on performance, egg quality, antioxidant activity in plasma, liver and egg yolk of old laying hens. Three hundred and sixty Roman laying hens aged with 5 replicates of 12 hens each. Laying hens in control group 60-weeks-old were randomly assigned to 5 treatments were fed a basal diet, and those in TP, VE and PQQ·Na2 were fed a basal diets supplemented with 200 and 400 mg/kg TP, 85 mg/kg VE or 0.08 mg/kg PQQ·Na2, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows： 1） TP, VE and PQQ·Na2 significantly restrained the decrease of laying rate （TP200〉TP400〉PQQ·Na2〉VE）, TP and PQQ·Na2 significantly restrained the decrease of Haugh unit （PQQ. Na2〉TP400〉TP200） with age and increased egg length at sixth week of the experiment period compared with the control （P〈0.05）. TP supplementation level at 400 mg/kgand 85 mg/kg VE resulted in significantly increased activity of total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）, and decreased content Malondialdehyde （MDA） in plasma and liver than the control （P〈0.05）, and dietary PQQ·Na2 resulted in increased T-SOD activity in plasma and liver , TP supplementation level at 200 mg/kg significantly increased the activity of GSH-Px in plasma （P〈0.05）. Dietary400 mg/kg TP, 85 mg/kg VE significantly increased the activity of T-SOD and decreased the content of MDA content in egg yolk, dietary PQQ·Na2 resulted in increased T-SOD activity in egg yolk （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that dietary TP, VE and PQQ·Na2 could restrain the decrease of laying rate, increase the antioxidant activity, TP and PQQ·Na2could restrain the decrease of Haugh unit in old laying hens. The activity of different antioxidants was different, and PQQ·Na2 was a little lower than another, but it could increase the performance and egg quality . The synergism of VE and PQQ·Na2 may have better effects on old laying hen. Overall, the supplementation of 400 mg/kg TP was the best choice in this experiment.