储能用铅炭电池失效模式分析

Failure mode analysis of lead-carbon battery for energy storage

由于具有成本低、免维护、生产条件完善和可回收利用等方面的优势,铅酸蓄电池在储能领域具有较强的竞争优势。本文通过大、小电流交替充放电循环,测试常规电池和铅炭电池的循环性能,并分析其失效模式。加入合适的炭材料后,炭材料分散在负极活性物质的晶粒间隙中,虽然制成电池的负极析气量略有增加,但是循环寿命显著延长。循环结束后,铅炭负极板的容量基本无衰减,电池的最终失效模式为正极活性物质软化和正极板栅腐蚀。

Due to the advantages of lower cost, free maintenance, perfect production conditions, recoverability and so on, the lead-acid batteries has a strong competitive advantage in the field of energy storage. In this paper, we tested the cycle performances of conventional batteries and lead- carbon battery through charge and discharge cycles with alternating large and small current to analyze the failure mode. The results showed that after suitable carbon materials were added, carbon materials were dispersed in crystal gaps of the negative active materials. The amount of evolved gas of negative electrode was increased slightly, but the cycle life of lead-carbon battery was significantly prolonged. The capacity of lead-carbon negative plate wasn＇t decreased on the whole at the end of cycle. And the ultimate failure modes of lead-carbon batteries are positive active material softening and positive grid corrosion.