微乳化柴油池火焰蔓延特性研究

Study on Pool Flame Spread Characteristics of Microemulsion Diesel Fuel

为掌握微乳化柴油的阻燃性能,促进其配方的改进,对-10#军用柴油、普通微乳化柴油和抑爆型微乳化柴油等3类6种柴油进行了点火和池火焰蔓延特性实验,并对它们的实验现象进行了对比、分析。结果表明:-10#军用柴油比微乳化柴油易引燃,而相同含水量情况下,抑爆型微乳化柴油又比普通微乳化柴油容易引燃;抑爆型微乳化柴油与普通微乳化柴油相似,在受热过程中,油液表面将产生大量气泡阻挡主火焰蔓延前进。当气泡中蒸汽压力增大,水蒸汽冲破油膜束缚析出后,将稀释主火焰前方液面的油蒸气浓度,使池火焰呈脉动向前蔓延,火焰蔓延速度也明显比-10#军用柴油小。微乳化柴油表面流的预热效果较差,主要因为本身粘性较大以及其中的水分吸热作用,造成油面升温速率低,油气蒸发慢,火焰难以持续向前蔓延。微乳化柴油的阻燃作用主要依赖水分,并且含水量越大,阻燃作用越强。

In order to grasp the fire suppression performance and improve its formulation, ignition and pool flame characteristics, experiments of --10# military diesel fuel, ordinary microemulsion diesel fuel and an explosion suppression microemulsion diesel fuel were carried out and the experimental phenomena were contrasted and analyzed. The results show that --10# military diesel fuel is easily to ignite than that of microemulsion diesel fuel, but so is the explosion suppression microemulsion diesel fuel relative to ordinary microemulsion diesel fuel with the same water content. In the process of pool flame spread, the oil surface can produce a large number of steam-in-oil bubbles because the water is heated to evaporation and steam dilutes the oil vapor concentration when the steam pressure of the bubble increases to break through the oil films, which hinder the pool flame spread in a row and lead to smaller spread speed of pool flame than that of --10# military diesel fuel. And surface flow preheating effect of microemulsion diesel fuel is poor due to higher viscidity and water heat-absorbing action. The velocity of temperature rise and the vaporability of fuel oil surface are low, causing the flame difficult to spread forward. On the whole.fire suppression performance of the explosion suppression microemulsion diesel fuel is not stronger than that of ordinary microemulsion diesel fuel, The performance largely depends on water in the oil and the greater water content is, the stronger fire suppression performance is.