杜鲁门在朝鲜战争扩大化问题上的决策因素

A Tentative Analysis of the Factors that Led to Truman's Decision to Expand the Korean War

朝鲜战争之初,美国并非一定想将战火燃烧到三八线以北。国际国内形势的变化,以及杜鲁门的一系列错误决策,致使朝鲜战争扩大化。产生这些错误决策的一个重要根源是杜鲁门在1950年下半年一直无法在国内获得准确的朝鲜半岛局势分析,同时又过度相信前线总指挥麦克阿瑟对战局的误判,使其不能及时命令美国军队停止前进,导致战火直接燃烧到中国边境,使中国军队不得不出兵朝鲜,保家卫国,与以美国为首的"联合国军"展开了长达三年的战斗。

At the beginning of the Korean War, the United States was not absolutely determined that it would expand the war to the north of the military demarcation line. However, accompanying the development in domestic and international situations, Truman＇s successive wrong decisions led to the expansion of the Korean War. One of the most important reasons for Truman＇s wrong decisions is that Truman was prevented from getting accurate evaluation of the situations in Korean Peninsula and was overconfident in frontline commander Mac Arthur＇s evaluation of the war. Truman＇s failure to get an accurate access to the information of the war prevented him from stopping in time the advancing of US military forces. The result was the war expanded to the border of China, forcing China to dispatch its military forces into North Korea and engage in a 3-year war with the UN military forces led by the US.