河南省外环境中沙门菌流行特征和分子分型研究

Distribution and molecular type of Salmonella from external environment in Henan province

目的 了解河南省外环境中沙门菌的分布，探讨外环境沙门菌的不同型别分布和同源关系。方法 采集动物粪便、生熟肉制品和厨具等各类标本4 488份，进行沙门菌分离培养、生化鉴定及血清学分型；对其中部分优势血清型菌株进行PFGE分子分型研究。结果 从18种标本中共分离出324株沙门菌，分离率为7.21%；分离株分属于39种血清型，优势血清型是肠炎沙门菌（24.07%，78/324）和德尔比沙门菌（20.37%，66/324）。46株肠炎沙门菌经XbaⅠ酶切后共分为12种带型，其宿主多来自于鸡宿主源；30株德尔比沙门菌XbaⅠ酶切后共分为17种带型，其宿主多来自于猪宿主源。结论 河南省外环境沙门菌血清型分布呈多样性，不同来源的沙门菌的血清型有一定的差异；同一克隆菌株在相同地区内流行。

Objective To understand the distribution of Salmonella in external environment in Henan province, and explore the distribution of different serotypes of the Salmonella and their homology. Methods A total of 4 488 samples were collected form animal dung, meat products and kitchen utensils, and identified by biochemical tests and serotyped by serum agglutination reaction. The predominant serotypes were further typed by PFGE. Results A total of 324 Salmonella strains were detected in these samples, the detection rate was 7.21%. The 324 Salmonella isolates belonged to 39 serotypes, S. enteritidis （24.07%, 78/324） and S. derby （20.37%, 66/324） were predominant. Forty six strains of S. enteritidis and 30 strains of S. derby were divided into 12 and 17 molecular patterns by digestion with XbaⅠ, while chicken and swine were the predominant animal hosts. Conclusions Serotyping of external environment Salmonella were phenotypically diverse and the serotype of Salmonella from different sources were different. The same clone was prevalent in same area. It is necessary to strengthen supervision and surveillance to ensure food safety.