我国动物疫病风险分析体系建设与发展

Construction and Development of Animal Disease Risk Analysis System in China

近年来畜牧业发达国家应用动物卫生风险分析技术在动物疫病防控、动物产品安全控制以及促进动物及动物产品国际贸易方面取得显著成效。为此,借鉴国外先进经验,加强我国动物卫生风险分析体系建设实为必要。概述了动物卫生风险分析在欧盟、美国、日本、加拿大等发达国家的应用进展以及国内在预防动物疫病传播、维护动物产品及公共卫生安全等方面的管理体制和运行机制,剖析了我国动物卫生风险分析应用现状,提出在引种风险评估、风险信息采集、屠宰风险管理、法律法规体系等方面存在的问题,并从完善我国动物卫生风险分析制度、提升风险管理能力、完善风险交流机制、提升技术能力以及建立外来疫病和突发疫情快速报告与评估系统和疫情大数据处理分析平台等方面,提出加强和完善我国动物卫生风险分析体系建设的建议。

Recently,countries with developed animal husbandry have won remarkable achievements in applying animal health risk analysis technology to prevent and control animal diseases,to assure animal product safety,and to promote international trade of animals and animal products. Therefore,it is necessary to learn from foreign advanced experience,and to strengthen the construction of animal health risk analysis system in China. This paper summarized the application and development of animal health risk analysis in European Union,the United States,Japan,Canada,etc. developed countries; and the domestic systems of management and operation in preventing animal epidemics,preserving security of animal products and public health. The paper also analyzed the application status of animal health risk analysis in China,and put forward problems existing in risk assessment of bred introduction,risk information collection,slaughtering risk management,laws and regulation systems,etc.. The paper suggested to strengthen and perfect the construction of animal health risk analysis system from improving animal health risk analysis system,up-grading risk management ability,perfecting risk communication mechanism,raising technical ability,establishing quick report and evaluation system for external diseases and outbreak epidemic,and building processing analysis platform for pandemic data.