三种阿魏种子萌发特性的研究

Study on Germination Characteristics of Three Ferula Seed

阿魏是重要的民族药材,其药材来源于新疆阿魏等几种植物。收集到全裂叶阿魏、新疆阿魏和托里阿魏三种植物种子,从种子外观特征、千粒重、吸水性、萌发特征、及温度层积处理等方面进行了较全面的研究,目的是阐明几种种子的萌发特性。研究表明,三种阿魏种子具有快速吸水能力,但种子萌发率不同。全裂叶阿魏种子不存在萌发困难。托里阿魏与新疆阿魏种子存在不同程度生理休眠,低温层积可打破种子的休眠,经高温-低温层积过程的处理,可有效提高种子的发芽率。托里阿魏在高温(25℃/15℃)处理14 d,再低温(4℃)层积处理42 d时萌发率可达46%;新疆阿魏在高温处理42 d,再低温层积处理56 d时萌发率可达64%。

Ferula, originated from several Ferula plants, is an important ethnic miedicine used by Uyghur nationality in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. This study collected seeds of 3 Ferula plants namely F. dissecta, F. krylovii and F. sinkiangensis for a complehensive study on their seed exterior appearance, thousand seed weight, water uptake ability, germination charecteristics and temperature stratification treatment. The results indicated that seeds of these 3 Ferula plants had rapid water uptaking ability, but with different seed germination rates. F. dissecta seed could germinate at normal temperature, but seeds of F. krylovii and F. sinkiangensis had seed dormancy with different degrees. Low temperature stratification could breake seed dormancy. The high and low temperature stratification treatments could effectively improve seed germination rate. Under high temperature treatment（25℃/15℃ ） for 14 d, then followed by low temperature treatment（4℃ ） for 42 d, F. krylovii seed germination rate could reach 46%. After high temperature treatment for 42 d then followed by low temperature stratification treatment for 56 d, F.sinkiangensis seed germination rate could reach 64%.