马克思论实质性的自由及其实现——兼与康德比较

Marx's Theory of Substantive Freedom and Its Reality——A Comparison with Kant

由康德所确立的自由理念在现代性条件下却无从实现,换言之,已经走向了它的反面——奴役,马克思亦称资本主义为"现代的奴隶制",对马克思而言,重要的不是以形而上学的方式论说自由这个概念,而是揭示以自由为其本质的人在标榜自由的资本社会中的异化表现,并找寻一条现实的人性复归之路。

The concept of freedom established by Kant cannot be realized under the condition oI modernity. In other words, it has moved to its opposite side--slavery. Marx also called capitalism ＂modern slavery＂. For Marx, the important thing is not to discuss the concept of freedom in a metaphysical way, but to reveal the alienationof of the freedom of people in the capital society which advertises freedom, and to find a practical path of recovering humanity.