基于土地利用变化趋势的生态服务价值分析——以重庆市石柱县为例

Analysis of Ecological Service Value Based on Change of Land Use——Taking Shizhu County, Chongqing as a Case Study

随着三峡工程的建设以及新丝绸之路经济带的提出,三峡库区乃至整个西南山区在中国生态以及经济建设方面备受关注,因此本文选取重庆市石柱县作为研究区。从时间和空间角度对土地利用动态过程进行综合分析,并运用市场法估算研究区2009年及2014年度的生态系统服务价值和动态变化,以期纳入生态考核政策指标。结果表明:研究区土地利用主要的转化方式为农田→建设用地,森林→建设用地,建设用地→农田;三峡库区蓄水对长江支流沿岸的森林影响较大;各地类动态度依次排序为建设用地>荒漠>水域>农田>森林>草地,整体变化趋势指数为0.49,处于准平衡状态。生态服务价值在2009—2014年间增加了50.60亿元,2014年达到123.27亿元。

With the development of the Three Gorges Project and the appearance of the New Silk Road Economic Belt, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, even the Southwestern Mountainous Area has attracted a wide attention in both ecology and economy. Therefore, Shizhu County, Chongqing was selected as a study area. The changing process of land use was comprehensively analysed in both time and space, and the market method was used to quantify the ecosystem service value and dynamic changes in the study area from 2009 to 2014 to examine if it was expected to be brought into the policy index of ecologic assessment. The results showed that the main land conversion modes were farmland to construction land, forest to construction land, and construction land to farmland. Water storage in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area had a great influence on the forests along with the tributaries of the Yangtze River. The sequence of dynamic degrees of land use was construction land〉unutilized land〉water〉farmland〉forest〉grassland. The whole developing trend index was 0.49, which was in a quasi-equilibrium state. In 2014, the ecological service value increased by 5.06 billion RMB comnared to 2009, and reached 12.327 billion RMB.